Hot answers tagged ordre-des-mots
9
There is no such thing as "or after" the auxiliary. The negative of these forms is formed by wrapping the ne+pas/whatever circumfix around the auxiliary and any accompanying pronoun:
Je ne m'en suis pas moqué.
Je ne l'ai pas frappé.
etc.
In most spoken forms of French (and writing that emulates them), the ne is almost universally dropped, ...
8
Pauvre, in the sense of “not rich”, is always placed after the noun: un homme pauvre, une famille pauvre, une ville pauvre, ...
Pauvre, in the sense of “unfortunate”, is always placed before the noun: un pauvre homme, une pauvre hère, ...
There is a general trend whereby some adjectives have a literal meaning when placed after the noun and a figurative ...
8
Le truc que je donne à mes élèves en seconde langue est BANGS. BANGS représente les adjectifs qui vont avant le nom.
B - Beauty (ex: beau, laid)
A - Age (ex: jeune, vieux)
N - Number (un, premier)
G - Greatness (bon, excellent)
S - Size (grand, gros, petit, minuscule)
7
Il me semble que les registres de langage des deux phrases sont équivalents, la position de l'adverbe n'y change rien.
On rencontre en revanche plus souvent la forme :
Nous en avons longuement parlé.
D'une manière générale, la position de l'adverbe (avant ou après le verbe) apporte parfois une nuance de sens, rarement de registre.
5
I would say that when referring to time, you would put prochain(e) after the noun, but always when using a singular form:
La semaine prochaine, j'ai rendez-vous chez le dentiste.
L'an prochain, tu seras majeur.
Jeudi prochain, il sera en congés.
For any other case (i.e. referring to time but in plural, or anything different than time), I ...
5
When used with a plural noun:
Prochain is one of those adjectives (along with autres, premiers, derniers, mêmes, and probably more, I checked in Grevisse and it indicates the list is not complete) that will be placed before the noun when associated with a number or quantifier (hence the plural).
“Dans les deux prochains mois” (“dans les quelques prochains ...
5
This is a highly controversial question between us French speakers. Here is something I found, probably the most founded answer I have seen so far.
When speaking about "the one who/which will replace the current one", it goes before:
OK: Ma prochaine voiture, ma prochaine maison, ta prochaine télévision, etc.
NOT OK: Ma voiture prochaine, etc.
...
5
Personnellement j'y vois une différence de sens, pas une différence de registre.
Nous en avons longtemps parlé, signifierait (selon moi) que le sujet a été maintes fois abordé au cours d'une période de temps assez longue. Nous en avons parlé longtemps ferait plutôt référence à une discussion particulière qui aurait duré longtemps, sans être interrompue.
...
4
It's called subject inversion.
It is usually understood as a syntactic rule which applies after the deep structure of the sentence is set, to produce it's surface structure. You may want to look at this topic about inversion part IV. A. Relative pronouns.
In the deep structure, as you know, the order is SVO, and it stays as is in most sentences. The ...
4
The difference in meaning induced by the position of prochain might be hard to grasp, but for sure the word order is related to the meaning. Here are two concrete cases where the word order is definitely important.
First example. Context: a meeting takes place regularly on Mondays but only once every two weeks. If during one meeting (or even in private, ...
4
Your guess is correct if you mean "Would he not have woken up?"
Il n'aurait pas se réveillé
is indeed incorrect.
Il ne se serait pas réveillé
is much better and the interrogative form is indeed also correct:
Ne se serait-il pas réveillé ?
4
Usually, the model's year is always going to come after the model's name. As for the make, it can either be before the model's name, or after the model's year. If it is before, it does not need any particle to link it to the model, but it does need a "de" if it is after.
Therefore, both of the following are correct:
Le Sprinter 2013 de Mercedes-Benz
...
4
Pronominal verbs use exclusively être as an auxiliary verb for composed tenses. Therefore, independently of the word order, your first phrasing can't be correct.
Your second guess was right. To augment your level of confidence in it, you might want to proceed step by step. To avoid potential confusion due to homophones “est” and “ai”, best is to also ...
3
Inside a relative clause introduced by que, if the subject is not a pronoun, it's possible (but not required) to place it after the verb:
Comment savoir ce que Marie a pensé de son intervention ?
Comment savoir ce qu'a pensé Marie de son intervention ?
It's also possible when the clause includes an indirect object. Especially in the case of ...
3
I think prochain (and dernier, which seems to have the same, or a similar pattern) are placed after if the noun expresses a period of time of a day or longer (jour, semaine, mois, année, saison, names of days, months and seasons...) and is an adverbial phrase within the sentence (we say "la semaine prochaine", but "au cours des prochaines semaines").
2
En tant qu'adjectif, le sens premier est synonyme de proche.
très rapproché, le plus rapproché.
Dans l'espace, synonyme de voisin (près de) :
vieilli ou littéraire :
"On porta le vieillard au prochain cimetière" (Victor Hugo).
dans un mouvement (qui vient juste après le lieu où l'on se trouve) :
le prochain arrêt, la prochaine station.
Elliptiquement :
...
2
Only some adjectives have two senses regarding if they are placed before or after the noun. Like ancien as you stated it, or also grand: un grand homme (a great man) VS un homme grand (a tall man).
Most of them only have one sense though, and are usually placed before of after the noun depending on the adjective (sometimes both is acceptable).
Regarding ...
1
If you want mean: "He wouldn't have woken up."
"Pronominal verbs" have to be conjugated with the auxiliary verb "être" and not "avoir".
Thus, you are correct with :
Il ne se serait pas réveillé.
Ne se serait-il pas réveillé?
For more information about conjugating past participle with pronominal verbs here is French article from the CCDMD ...
1
“L'homme pauvre” means that this man is poor, he doesn't have any money (there are a lot of synonyms for this case like misérable, fauché, sans le sou, etc.)
Le pauvre homme is an expression that means that you have some pity for this person (in this case you can replace pauvre with malheureux).
It's an expression that is very often used in the current ...
1
Pour des adjectifs aussi courants que grand, petit, ou beau, en plus de se placer devant le nom, le groupe que cela forme (un petit homme, un grand monsieur, de beaux draps…), employé très couramment au fil du temps, a pris certaines connotations.
Pour obtenir le sens littéral de ces adjectifs, on « casse » ce phénomène en plaçant l'adjectif après le nom, ...
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