2

"He couldn't do anything."

Il n'a rien pu faire.

Il n'a pu rien faire.

Il n'a pu faire rien.

Which of the above is correct? If it were pas instead of rien, it would be placed in the position of the first sentence. But with rien that sounds strange. Probably the second one is correct?

3
  • 1
    The first is correct. Negative words like pas, plus, rien, and jamais always go after the conjugated verb, which is avoir here. Commented Feb 15, 2017 at 2:34
  • It only sounds strange, by the way, if you're mentally translating it back to English word-for-word~ He has nothing been able to do. But this isn't English...so don't think that way :) Commented Feb 15, 2017 at 2:37
  • 1
    I'm leaving it as a comment because it's not a translation of the sentence you gave, but "Il a pu ne rien faire" also exists. It means "He could have done nothing" as in "Maybe he didn't do anything / It's a possibility that he did nothing". Commented Feb 15, 2017 at 9:38

3 Answers 3

3

As Aerovistae writes, the first one appears to be far and away the most common wording.

Ngram

In the past, however, the second appears to have been more common and still sees some use today. This is not surprising, since the syntactic status of rien is not simple (see CNRTL entry), overlapping with noun phrase types, and parsing it as something closer to a direct object would of course place it after pu and any other modal. It seems that for several decades it has been parsed much more as a negative particle, like pas.

When you see lines cross on an Ngram like that... you're watching diachronic (historical) linguistics in action :)

2

Il n'a rien pu faire is the standard and most common ordering.

Il n'a pu rien faire is rarer but used, especially in spoken French.

Il n'a pu faire rien is incorrect.

0

You've got a lot of answers about "rien" but if you want to use "pas" then a little thing has to change , you need to refer to something : "Il n'a pas pu faire quelque chose" "Il n'a pas pu le faire" where "le" refers to the action.

You can't just write or say "Il n'a pas pu faire."

Exept the case where your sentence looks like "there's something he couldn't do" which can be translated as "Il y a quelque chose qu'il n'a pas pu faire" but here again you refer to an action. It's just that you just do it before.

Your Answer

By clicking “Post Your Answer”, you agree to our terms of service and acknowledge you have read our privacy policy.

Not the answer you're looking for? Browse other questions tagged or ask your own question.