La question est motivée par celle-ci dans la communauté de philosophie. À citer:
I've been researching Allan Hazlitt's claim that knowledge attribution isn't factive, i.e. the claim that (in ordinary language) sentences of the form "A knows p" can be true even if the proposition p is false (see "The Myth of Factive Verbs" and "Factive presupposition and the truth condition on knowledge").
People (ordinary English speakers, not philosophers) do speak that way sometimes, or show patterns of judgement that are aligned with a non-factive interpretation for the word "know". The most prominent counter-argument that I'm aware of says that when people speak that way or make those judgements, it's based on a non-literal interpretation of "know". In particular, the claim is that it involves "protagonist projection" (see e.g. Richard Holton's "Some Telling Examples: A Reply to Tsohatzidis"), where someone adopts the perspective of the protagonist. If this is the case, then when someone says "A knows p" in a situation where p has been established as false, then what they literally mean is that "A thinks they know p".
Je me demande, si cette ambiguité est exclue en français, à force de differencier entre savoir et connaître. Ainsi, si on prend une proposition fausse, comme
Trump a gagné l'election présidentielle 2020
alors
Alice sait que Trump a gagné l'election présidentielle 2020.
est faux (parce qu'il n'a pas gagné), mais
Alice connaît que Trump a gagné l'election présidentielle 2020.
peut être vrai, si Alice croît la théorie de complot, que l'élection a été volée à Trump.
Lecture supplementaire: